Oxidative stress level in patients with chronic kidney disease

İhsan Ateş; Nihal Özkayar; Fatma Meriç Yılmaz; Nergiz Bayrakçı; Salim Neşelioğlu; Özcan Erel; Ezgi Coşkun Yenigün; Fatih Dede

doi:10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.308443

ORTADOĞU TIP DERGİSİ - ORTADOGU MEDICAL JOURNAL

Oxidative stress level in patients with chronic kidney disease

Kronik böbrek hastalığı olan hastalarda oksidatif stress düzeyi

İhsan Ateş ¹ ^* , Nihal Özkayar ², Fatma Meriç Yılmaz ³, Nergiz Bayrakçı ², Salim Neşelioğlu ⁴, Özcan Erel ⁴, Ezgi Coşkun Yenigün ², Fatih Dede ²

More Detail

Ortadogu Tıp Derg, Volume 10, Issue 1, pp. 45-50

https://doi.org/10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.308443

OPEN ACCESS

Download Full Text (PDF)

Abstract

Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the presence of oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease (CKD) by measuring dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis.
Material and Method: A hundred fifty patients (57 men, 93 women) followed with a diagnosis of CKD (stages 1-5, not on dialysis) and 76 healthy, disease-free individuals (30 men, 46 women) were included in the study. Blood thiol/ disulphide homeostasis was measured by newly developed automatic and colorimetric method by Erel and Neselioglu.
Results: The mean serum native thiol (p=0.001), total thiol (p=0.001) and disulphide (p=0.041) levels were lower in CKD than in the control group. No significant difference was found between the CKD and control groups in terms of disulphide/thiol, disulphide/total thiol and thiol/total thiol ratios (p>0.05). Serum native thiol and total thiol levels were correlated negatively with both BMI and serum phosphorous level while both the parameters were correlated positively with glomerular filtration rate, total protein level and albumin level. A negative correlation was found between total thiol and age. Disulphide levels were correlated positively with albumin and total protein and negatively with uric acid levels.
Conclusion: Our study shows that low serum thiol levels in CKD is due to a decrease in total thiol reserve of the body and not due to conversion of thiol groups into disulphides.

Keywords: Mercaptans, oxidative stress, sulfhydryl, thiol oxidation, uremia

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada kronik böbrek hastalığı olan hastalarda dinamik tiyol/disülfid dengesinin araştırılması amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya evre 1-5 (non diyaliz) 150 (57 erkek, 93 kadın) kronik böbrek hastası ve 76 (30 erkek, 46 kadın) sağlıklı kontrol grubu alındı. Kan tiyol/disülfid dengesi yeni geliştirilen otomatik ve kalorimetrik bir yöntemle ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Tüm popülasyonun serum tiyol düzeyi ortalaması 320.8±57.8 µmol/L, total tiyol düzeyi ortalaması 352.0±61.5 µmol/L, ortalama disülfid düzeyi 15.6±5.3 µmol/L idi. Kronik böbrek hastalarında ortalama serum tiyol (p<0.001), total tiyol (p<0.001) ve disülfid düzeyleri (p<0.001) kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü. Kronik böbrek hastaları ve kontrol grubu arasında disülfid/tiyol, disülfid/total tiyol ve tiyol/total tiyol oranları açısından olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı.
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda hem tiyol hem disülfid düzeyinde azalma olması Kronik böbrek hastalarında serum tiyol düşüklüğünün sadece tiyol gruplarının disülfide çevrimine değil, vücuttaki total tiyol rezervinin azalmasına da bağlı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu nedenle kronik böbrek hastalığında tiyol rezervini attırmaya yönelik nütrisyonel destek sağlanması önerilebilir.

Keywords: Merkaptanlar, oksidatif stres, sülfidril, tiyol oksidasyonu, üremi

References

Hallan SI, Coresh J, Astor BC, Asberg A, Powe NR, Romundstad S, et al. International comparison of the relationship of chronic kidney disease prevalence and ESRD risk. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17: 2275-84.
Massy ZA, Stenvinkel P, Drueke TB. The role of oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease. Semin Dial 2009; 22: 405-8.
Dounousi E, Papavasiliou E, Makedou A, Ioannou K, Katopodis KP, Tselepis A, et al. Oxidative stress is progressively enhanced with advancing stages of CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 2006; 48: 752-60.
Sugamura KKeaney JF, Jr. Reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51: 978-92.
McCord JM. Human disease, free radicals, and the oxidant/ antioxidant balance. Clin Biochem 1993; 26: 351-7.
Filomeni G, Rotilio G, Ciriolo MR. Cell signalling and the glutathione redox system. Biochem Pharmacol 2002; 64: 1057-64.
Prakash M, Upadhya S, Prabhu R. Protein thiol oxidation and lipid peroxidation in patients with uraemia. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2004; 64: 599-604.
Erel ONeselioglu S. A novel and automated assay for thiol/ disulphide homeostasis. Clin Biochem 2014; 47: 326-32.
Miyata T, Sugiyama S, Saito A, Kurokawa K. Reactive carbonyl compounds related uremic toxicity (“carbonyl stress”). Kidney Int Suppl 2001; 78: S25-31.
Clermont G, Lecour S, Lahet J, Siohan P, Vergely C, Chevet D, et al. Alteration in plasma antioxidant capacities in chronic renal failure and hemodialysis patients: a possible explanation for the increased cardiovascular risk in these patients. Cardiovasc Res 2000; 47: 618-23.
Himmelfarb J, McMonagle E, McMenamin E. Plasma protein thiol oxidation and carbonyl formation in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 2000; 58: 2571-8.
Levey AS, Eckardt KU, Tsukamoto Y, Levin A, Coresh J, Rossert J, et al. Definition and classification of chronic kidney disease: a position statement from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Kidney Int 2005; 67: 2089-100.
Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Zhang YL, Castro AF, 3rd, Feldman HI, et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med 2009; 150: 604-12.
Ziegler DM. Role of reversible oxidation-reduction of enzyme thiols-disulfides in metabolic regulation. Annu Rev Biochem 1985; 54: 305-29.
Himmelfarb JMcMonagle E. Albumin is the major plasma protein target of oxidant stress in uremia. Kidney Int 2001; 60: 358-63.
Hu ML. Measurement of protein thiol groups and glutathione in plasma. Methods Enzymol 1994; 233: 380-5.
Davies KJ, Sevanian A, Muakkassah-Kelly SF, Hochstein P. Uric acid-iron ion complexes. A new aspect of the antioxidant functions of uric acid. Biochem J 1986; 235: 747-54.
Narasimhan S, Gokulakrishnan K, Sampathkumar R, Farooq S, Ravikumar R, Mohan V, et al. Oxidative stress is independently associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes. Clin Biochem 2010; 43: 815-21.
Ross EA, Koo LC, Moberly JB. Low whole blood and erythrocyte levels of glutathione in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 1997; 30: 489-94.
Deneke SM. Thiol-based antioxidants. Curr Top Cell Regul 2000; 36: 151-80.
Agarwal R, Vasavada N, Sachs NG, Chase S. Oxidative stress and renal injury with intravenous iron in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2004; 65: 2279-89.
Tepel M, van der Giet M, Statz M, Jankowski J, Zidek W. The antioxidant acetylcysteine reduces cardiovascular events in patients with end-stage renal failure: a randomized, controlled trial. Circulation 2003; 107: 992-5.

Citation

Ateş İ, Özkayar N, Yılmaz FM, Bayrakçı N, Neşelioğlu S, Erel Ö, et al. Oxidative stress level in patients with chronic kidney disease. Ortadogu Tıp Derg. 2018;10(1):45-50. https://doi.org/10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.308443

Ateş, İ., Özkayar, N., Yılmaz, F. M., Bayrakçı, N., Neşelioğlu, S., Erel, Ö., Coşkun Yenigün, E., & Dede, F. (2018). Oxidative stress level in patients with chronic kidney disease. Ortadoğu Tıp Dergisi, 10(1), 45-50. https://doi.org/10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.308443

Ateş, İ., Özkayar, N., Yılmaz, F. M., Bayrakçı, N., Neşelioğlu, S., Erel, Ö., . . . Dede, F. (2018). Oxidative stress level in patients with chronic kidney disease. Ortadoğu Tıp Dergisi, 10(1), pp. 45-50. https://doi.org/10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.308443

Ateş İ, Özkayar N, Yılmaz FM, et al. Oxidative stress level in patients with chronic kidney disease. Ortadogu Tıp Derg. 2018;10(1), 45-50. https://doi.org/10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.308443

Ateş, İhsan, Nihal Özkayar, Fatma Meriç Yılmaz, Nergiz Bayrakçı, Salim Neşelioğlu, Özcan Erel, Ezgi Coşkun Yenigün, and Fatih Dede. "Oxidative stress level in patients with chronic kidney disease". Ortadoğu Tıp Dergisi 2018 10 no. 1 (2018): 45-50. https://doi.org/10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.308443

Ateş, İhsan et al. "Oxidative stress level in patients with chronic kidney disease". Ortadoğu Tıp Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 1, 2018, pp. 45-50. https://doi.org/10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.308443